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The Galleria Borghese (English: Borghese Gallery) is an art gallery in Rome, Italy, housed in the former Villa Borghese Pinciana. It is a building that was from the first integral with its gardens, nowadays considered quite separately by tourists as the Villa Borghese gardens. The Galleria Borghese houses a substantial part of the Borghese collection of paintings, sculpture and antiquities, begun by Cardinal Scipione Borghese, the nephew of Pope Paul V (reign 1605–1621). The Villa was built by the architect Flaminio Ponzio, developing sketches by Scipione Borghese himself, who used it as a ''villa suburbana'', a party villa at the edge of Rome. Scipione Borghese was an early patron of Bernini and an avid collector of works by Caravaggio, who is well represented in the collection by his ''Boy with a Basket of Fruit'', ''St Jerome Writing'', ''Sick Bacchus'' and others. Other paintings of note include Titian's ''Sacred and Profane Love'', Raphael's ''Entombment of Christ'' and works by Peter Paul Rubens and Federico Barocci. ==History== The ''Casina Borghese'' lies on the outskirts of seventeenth-century Rome. By 1644, John Evelyn described it as "an Elysium of delight" with "Fountains of sundry inventions, Groves and small Rivulets of Water". Evelyn also described the ''Vivarium'' that housed ostriches, peacocks, swans and cranes "and divers strange Beasts". Prince Marcantonio IV Borghese (1730–1800), who began the recasting of the park's formal garden architecture into an English landscape garden, also set out about 1775, under the guidance of the architect Antonio Asprucci, to replace the now-outdated tapestry and leather hangings and renovate the ''Casina'', restaging the Borghese sculptures and antiquities in a thematic new ordering that celebrated the Borghese position in Rome. The rehabilitation of the much-visited villa as a genuinely public museum in the late eighteenth century was the subject of an exhibition at the Getty Research Institute, Los Angeles, in 2000,〔(''Making a Prince's Museum: Drawings for the Late Eighteenth-Century Redecoration of the Villa Borghese.'' ) Getty Research Institute (17 June-17 September 2000). Catalogue by Carole Paul, with an essay by Alberta Campitelli. ISBN 978-0-89236-539-5〕 spurred by the Getty's acquisition of fifty-four drawings related to the project. In 1808, Prince Camillo Borghese, Napoleon's brother-in-law,〔He had married Pauline Bonaparte; Antonio Canova's half-nude portrait of her as Venus Victrix takes pride of place in one of the galleries.〕 was forced to sell the Borghese Roman sculptures and antiquities to the Emperor. The result is that the ''Borghese Gladiator'', renowned since the 1620s as the most admired single sculpture in Villa Borghese, must now be appreciated in the Musée du Louvre. The "Borghese Hermaphroditus" is also now in the Louvre. The Borghese villa was modified and extended down the years, eventually being sold to the Italian government in 1902, along with the entire Borghese estate and surrounding gardens and parkland. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Galleria Borghese」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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